实验环境：CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
内核版本：Linux version 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
Nginx版本： Nginx-1.13.0
Let’s Encrypt是一个免费的、自动化、开放的证书颁发机构。由Mozilla、Cisco、Chrome、facebook、Akamai等众多公司和机构发起的，其安全稳定及其可靠。具体信息可以去letsencrypt官方网站了解详情。
今天我们就充分利用Lets Encrypt让你的网站实现https加密。
官网：https://letsencrypt.org/
1.安装certbot及源扩展包
$ yum install -y epel-release Certbot是Let’s Encrypt官方指定推荐的客户端。通过 Certbot，你可以自动化部署 Let’s Encrypt SSL证书，以便为网站加上HTTPS加密支持。 $ yum install certbot $ certbot certonly Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log How would you like to authenticate with the ACME CA? //你是希望如何使用ACME CA进行身份验证？
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1: Place files in webroot directory (webroot) //将文件放在webroot目录 2: Spin up a temporary webserver (standalone) //使用临时Web服务器（独立目录） ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Select the appropriate number [1-2] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel):1 【选择1回车】 Enter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices) (Enter 'c' to cancel):su@renwole.com【输入您的邮箱地址，用于紧急更新和安全通知】 Starting new HTTPS connection (1): acme-v01.api.letsencrypt.org ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please read the Terms of Service at https://img.cncrq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/LE-SA-v1.1.1-August-1-2016.pdf. You must agree in order to register with the ACME server at https://acme-v01.api.letsencrypt.org/directory ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A)gree/(C)ancel: A【选择A回车同意服务条款，C为拒绝】 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Would you be willing to share your email address with the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a founding partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit organization that develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about EFF and our work to encrypt the web, protect its users and defend digital rights. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Y)es/(N)o:Y【您是否愿意分享您的电子邮件地址，建议选择Y回车】 Please enter in your domain name(s) (comma and/or space separated) (Enter 'c' to cancel): blog.renwole.com【输入域名回车】 Obtaining a new certificate Performing the following challenges: http-01 challenge for blog.renwole.com Select the webroot for blog.renwole.com: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1: Enter a new webroot //输入网站绝对路径 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Press 1 [enter] to confirm the selection (press 'c' to cancel):1【选择数字1回车】 Input the webroot for blog.renwole.com: (Enter 'c' to cancel):/home/www/blog.renwole.com【输入网站所在绝对路径回车】 Waiting for verification... Waiting for verification... Cleaning up challenges Generating key (2048 bits): /etc/letsencrypt/keys/0001_key-certbot.pem Creating CSR: /etc/letsencrypt/csr/0001_csr-certbot.pem IMPORTANT NOTES: - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at /etc/letsencrypt/live/blog.renwole.com/fullchain.pem. Your cert will expire on 2017-08-09. To obtain a new or tweaked version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot again. To non-interactively renew *all* of your certificates, run "certbot renew" - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by: Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate Donating to EFF: 恭喜!您的SSL证书和密钥链接已保存，你的证书将于2017-08-09到期。
注意：这里需要说明，在生成证书之前，你必须保证nginx 443端口是运行状态，否则会生成证书失败。
2.自动续订
Certbot可以配置为在证书过期之前自动更新证书。由于Let’s Encrypt SSL证书有效期时间为90天，所以建议您利用此功能。您可以通过运行以下命令来测试证书的自动续订：
$ sudo certbot --nginx certonly
如果以上正常工作，你可以通过添加运行以下操作的cron或systemd定时任务安排自动更新：
certbot renew
我们写一个自动执行脚本，建议每小时执行一次：
$ sudo crontab -e 添加以下内容： 0 */6 * * * /usr/bin/certbot renew --quiet && /bin/systemctl restart nginx 保存并退出！ 通过命令查看是否添加成功： $ crontab -l 0 */6 * * * /usr/bin/certbot renew --quiet && /bin/systemctl restart nginx 重启crontab $ systemctl status crond.service $ systemctl restart crond.service
通过命令观察 crontab 是否执行：
$ tail -f /var/log/cron
证书是否续订成功，可以通过以下命令管理查看证书信息：
$ certbot certificates
更多Certbot命令请参阅官方文档 https://certbot.eff.org/docs/
3.配置nginx.conf
接下来修改Nginx配置文件，修改sever段，去掉相应注释，将生成的SSL证书填写到ssl_certificate后面，将生成的密钥填写到ssl_certificate_key后面，保存并重启nginx服务器即可。
# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 443 ssl;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/blog.renwole.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/blog.renwole.com/privkey.pem;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
}
使用谷歌浏览器访问https://blog.renwole.com/可以看到绿色的安全小锁图标，说明网站已经https加密成功。
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