首先了解SMTP(简单邮件传输协议)，邮件传送代理程序使用SMTP协议来发送电邮到接收者的邮件服务器。SMTP协议只能用来发送邮件，不能用来接收邮件，而大多数的邮件发送服务器都是使用SMTP协议。SMTP协议的默认TCP端口号是25。
上面说了是使用SMTP协议发送的邮件，所以需要先查看你的发件人邮箱是否有开启SMTP协议，如没有，则需要开启，我测试使用的是163.com的邮箱作为发信人邮箱，在设置中开启SMTP协议如下图所示。
测试的前提是你需要开通客户端授权,开通后会让你设置密码,那个密码要记好,下面的passwd接收的是授权密码而不是邮箱密码!否则会出现下图所示的错误提示：
安装库文件
pip install smtplib pip install email
基础版
import smtplib
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
# 第三方 SMTP 服务
mail_host = "smtp.163.com" # SMTP服务器
mail_user = "***" # 用户名
mail_pass = "***" # 授权密码，非登录密码
sender = '***@163.com' # 发件人邮箱(最好写全, 不然会失败)
receivers = [***@qq.com'] # 接收邮件，可设置为你的QQ邮箱或者其他邮箱
content = 'Python'
title = '人生苦短' # 邮件主题
def sendEmail():
message = MIMEText(content, 'plain', 'utf-8') # 内容, 格式, 编码
message['From'] = "{}".format(sender)
message['To'] = ",".join(receivers)
message['Subject'] = title
try:
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mail_host, 465) # 启用SSL发信, 端口一般是465
smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass) # 登录验证
smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string()) # 发送
print("mail has been send successfully.")
except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
print(e)
def send_email2(SMTP_host, from_account, from_passwd, to_account, subject, content):
email_client = smtplib.SMTP(SMTP_host)
email_client.login(from_account, from_passwd)
# create msg
msg = MIMEText(content, 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8') # subject
msg['From'] = from_account
msg['To'] = to_account
email_client.sendmail(from_account, to_account, msg.as_string())
email_client.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
sendEmail()
# receiver = '***'
# send_email2(mail_host, mail_user, mail_pass, receiver, title, content)
复杂版（文字，html,图片，附件实现）
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.header import Header
#设置smtplib所需的参数
#下面的发件人，收件人是用于邮件传输的。
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = 'XXX@163.com'
password='XXX'
sender='XXX@163.com'
#receiver='XXX@126.com'
#收件人为多个收件人
receiver=['XXX@126.com','XXX@126.com']
subject = 'Python email test'
#通过Header对象编码的文本，包含utf-8编码信息和Base64编码信息。以下中文名测试ok
#subject = '中文标题'
#subject=Header(subject, 'utf-8').encode()
#构造邮件对象MIMEMultipart对象
#下面的主题，发件人，收件人，日期是显示在邮件页面上的。
msg = MIMEMultipart('mixed')
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = 'XXX@163.com '
#msg['To'] = 'XXX@126.com'
#收件人为多个收件人,通过join将列表转换为以;为间隔的字符串
msg['To'] = ";".join(receiver)
#msg['Date']='2012-3-16'
#构造文字内容
text = "Hi!\nHow are you?\nHere is the link you wanted:\nhttp://www.baidu.com"
text_plain = MIMEText(text,'plain', 'utf-8')
msg.attach(text_plain)
#构造图片链接
sendimagefile=open(r'testimage.png','rb').read()
image = MIMEImage(sendimagefile)
image.add_header('Content-ID','')
image["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="testimage.png"'
msg.attach(image)
#构造html
#发送正文中的图片:由于包含未被许可的信息，网易邮箱定义为垃圾邮件，报554 DT:SPM ：<p><img src="cid:image1"/></p>
html = """
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<p>Hi!<br />
How are you?<br />
Here is the <a href="http://www.baidu.com">link</a> you wanted.<br />
</p>
</body>
</html>
"""
text_html = MIMEText(html,'html', 'utf-8')
text_html["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="texthtml.html"'
msg.attach(text_html)
#构造附件
sendfile=open(r'1.txt','rb').read()
text_att = MIMEText(sendfile, 'base64', 'utf-8')
text_att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
#以下附件可以重命名成aaa.txt
#text_att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="aaa.txt"'
#另一种实现方式
text_att.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='aaa.txt')
#以下中文测试不ok
#text_att["Content-Disposition"] = u'attachment; filename="中文附件.txt"'.decode('utf-8')
msg.attach(text_att)
#发送邮件
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
#我们用set_debuglevel(1)就可以打印出和SMTP服务器交互的所有信息。
#smtp.set_debuglevel(1)
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
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